Building The Library¶
This document describes how to build Botan on Unix/POSIX and Windows systems. The POSIX oriented descriptions should apply to most common Unix systems (including OS X), along with POSIX-ish systems like BeOS, QNX, and Plan 9. Currently, systems other than Windows and POSIX (such as VMS, MacOS 9, OS/390, OS/400, ...) are not supported by the build system, primarily due to lack of access. Please contact the maintainer if you would like to build Botan on such a system.
Botan’s build is controlled by configure.py, which is a Python script. Python 2.6 or later is required.
For the impatient, this works for most systems:
$ ./configure.py [--prefix=/some/directory]
$ make
$ make install
Or using nmake
, if you’re compiling on Windows with Visual C++. On
platforms that do not understand the ‘#!’ convention for beginning
script files, or that have Python installed in an unusual spot, you
might need to prefix the configure.py
command with python
or
/path/to/python
:
$ python ./configure.py [arguments]
Configuring the Build¶
The first step is to run configure.py
, which is a Python script
that creates various directories, config files, and a Makefile for
building everything. This script should run under a vanilla install of
Python 2.6, 2.7, or 3.x.
The script will attempt to guess what kind of system you are trying to
compile for (and will print messages telling you what it guessed).
You can override this process by passing the options --cc
,
--os
, and --cpu
.
You can pass basically anything reasonable with --cpu
: the script
knows about a large number of different architectures, their
sub-models, and common aliases for them. You should only select the
64-bit version of a CPU (such as “sparc64” or “mips64”) if your
operating system knows how to handle 64-bit object code - a 32-bit
kernel on a 64-bit CPU will generally not like 64-bit code.
By default the script tries to figure out what will work on your system, and use that. It will print a display at the end showing which algorithms have and have not been enabled. For instance on one system we might see lines like:
INFO: Skipping, dependency failure - sessions_sqlite3
INFO: Skipping, incompatible CPU - mp_x86_32 simd_altivec
INFO: Skipping, incompatible OS - beos_stats cryptoapi_rng darwin_secrandom win32_stats
INFO: Skipping, incompatible compiler - mp_x86_32_msvc
INFO: Skipping, loaded only if needed by dependency - dyn_load mp_generic simd_scalar
INFO: Skipping, requires external dependency - boost bzip2 lzma sqlite3 tpm
The ones that are skipped because they are require an external
dependency have to be explicitly asked for, because they rely on third
party libraries which your system might not have or that you might not
want the resulting binary to depend on. For instance to enable zlib
support, add --with-zlib
to your invocation of configure.py
.
All available modules can be listed with --list-modules
.
You can control which algorithms and modules are built using the
options --enable-modules=MODS
and --disable-modules=MODS
, for
instance --enable-modules=zlib
and --disable-modules=rc5,idea
.
Modules not listed on the command line will simply be loaded if needed
or if configured to load by default. If you use --minimized-build
,
only the most core modules will be included; you can then explicitly
enable things that you want to use with --enable-modules
. This is
useful for creating a minimal build targeting to a specific
application, especially in conjunction with the amalgamation option;
see The Amalgamation Build.
For instance:
$ ./configure.py --minimized-build --enable-modules=rsa,eme_oaep,emsa_pssr
will set up a build that only includes RSA, OAEP, PSS along with any required dependencies. A small subset of core features, including AES, SHA-2, HMAC, and the multiple precision integer library, are always loaded. Note that a minimized build does not include any random number generator, which is needed for example to generate keys, nonces and IVs. See Random Number Generators on which random number generators are available.
The option --module-policy=POL
enables modules required by and
disables modules prohibited by a text policy in src/build-data/policy
.
Additional modules can be enabled if not prohibited by the policy.
Currently available policies include bsi
, nist
and modern
:
$ ./configure.py --module-policy=bsi --enable-modules=tls,xts
Cross Compiling¶
Cross compiling refers to building software on one type of host (say Linux x86-64) but creating a binary for some other type (say MinGW x86-32). This is completely supported by the build system. To extend the example, we must tell configure.py to use the MinGW tools:
$ ./configure.py –os=mingw –cpu=x86_32 –cc-bin=i686-w64-mingw32-g++ –ar=i686-w64-mingw32-ar ... $ make ... $ file botan.exe botan.exe: PE32 executable (console) Intel 80386, for MS Windows
You can also specify the alternate tools by setting the CXX and AR environment variables (instead of the –cc-bin and –ar-command options), as is commonly done with autoconf builds.
On Unix¶
The basic build procedure on Unix and Unix-like systems is:
$ ./configure.py [--enable-modules=<list>] [--cc=CC]
$ make
$ ./botan-test
If that fails with an error about not being able to find libbotan.so,
you may need to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH
:
$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./botan-test
If the tests look OK, install:
$ make install
On Unix systems the script will default to using GCC; use --cc
if
you want something else. For instance use --cc=icc
for Intel C++
and --cc=clang
for Clang.
The make install
target has a default directory in which it will
install Botan (typically /usr/local
). You can override this by
using the --prefix
argument to configure.py
, like so:
$ ./configure.py --prefix=/opt <other arguments>
On some systems shared libraries might not be immediately visible to
the runtime linker. For example, on Linux you may have to edit
/etc/ld.so.conf
and run ldconfig
(as root) in order for new
shared libraries to be picked up by the linker. An alternative is to
set your LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shell variable to include the directory
that the Botan libraries were installed into.
On macOS¶
A build on macOS works much like that on any other Unix-like system.
To build a universal binary for macOS, you need to set some additional build flags. Do this with the configure.py flag –cc-abi-flags:
--cc-abi-flags="-force_cpusubtype_ALL -mmacosx-version-min=10.4 -arch i386 -arch ppc"
On Windows¶
Note
The earliest versions of Windows supported are Windows 7 and Windows 2008 R2
You need to have a copy of Python installed, and have both Python and your chosen compiler in your path. Open a command shell (or the SDK shell), and run:
$ python configure.py --cc=msvc --os=windows
$ nmake
$ botan-test.exe
$ nmake install
Botan supports the nmake replacement Jom which enables you to run multiple build jobs in parallel.
For MinGW, use:
$ python configure.py --cc=gcc --os=mingw
$ make
By default the install target will be C:\botan
; you can modify
this with the --prefix
option.
When building your applications, all you have to do is tell the
compiler to look for both include files and library files in
C:\botan
, and it will find both. Or you can move them to a
place where they will be in the default compiler search paths (consult
your documentation and/or local expert for details).
For iOS using XCode¶
For iOS, you typically build for 3 architectures: armv7 (32 bit, older iOS devices), armv8-a (64 bit, recent iOS devices) and x86_64 for the iPhone simulator. You can build for these 3 architectures and then create a universal binary containing code for all of these architectures, so you can link to Botan for the simulator as well as for an iOS device.
To cross compile for armv7, configure and make with:
$ ./configure.py --os=ios --prefix="iphone-32" --cpu=armv7 --cc=clang \
--cc-abi-flags="-arch armv7"
xcrun --sdk iphoneos make install
To cross compile for armv8-a, configure and make with:
$ ./configure.py --os=ios --prefix="iphone-64" --cpu=armv8-a --cc=clang \
--cc-abi-flags="-arch arm64"
xcrun --sdk iphoneos make install
To compile for the iPhone Simulator, configure and make with:
$ ./configure.py --os=ios --prefix="iphone-simulator" --cpu=x86_64 --cc=clang \
--cc-abi-flags="-arch x86_64"
xcrun --sdk iphonesimulator make install
Now create the universal binary and confirm the library is compiled for all three architectures:
$ xcrun --sdk iphoneos lipo -create -output libbotan-2.a \
iphone-32/lib/libbotan-2.a \
iphone-64/lib/libbotan-2.a \
iphone-simulator/lib/libbotan-2.a
$ xcrun --sdk iphoneos lipo -info libbotan-2.a
Architectures in the fat file: libbotan-2.a are: armv7 x86_64 armv64
The resulting static library can be linked to your app in Xcode.
Building Applications¶
Unix¶
Botan usually links in several different system libraries (such as
librt
or libz
), depending on which modules are configured at
compile time. In many environments, particularly ones using static
libraries, an application has to link against the same libraries as
Botan for the linking step to succeed. But how does it figure out what
libraries it is linked against?
The answer is to ask the botan
command line tool using
the config
and version
commands.
botan version
: Print the Botan version number.
botan config prefix
: If no argument, print the prefix where Botan is
installed (such as /opt
or /usr/local
).
botan config cflags
: Print options that should be passed to the
compiler whenever a C++ file is compiled. Typically this is used for
setting include paths.
botan config libs
: Print options for which libraries to link to
(this will include a reference to the botan library iself).
Your Makefile
can run botan config
and get the options
necessary for getting your application to compile and link, regardless
of whatever crazy libraries Botan might be linked against.
Windows¶
No special help exists for building applications on Windows. However, given that typically Windows software is distributed as binaries, this is less of a problem - only the developer needs to worry about it. As long as they can remember where they installed Botan, they just have to set the appropriate flags in their Makefile/project file.
Language Wrappers¶
Building the Python wrappers¶
The Python wrappers for Botan use ctypes and the C89 API so no special build step is required, just import botan2.py
See Python Bindings for more information about the Python bindings.